Showing posts with label Tobacco free schools. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tobacco free schools. Show all posts

Tuesday, 13 March 2018

Detrimental Tobacco

Let me start by saying that I don't want to sound like a fanatic, for I don't suggest anything that I can't do myself. I quit smoking recently. And that's no small feat. Tobacco is the most common form of addiction and one of the most harmful as well, much more than the dreaded cannabis or for that matter Ecstasy, let alone alcohol.

If, and I know it's a big if, alcohol is consumed in moderation at a decent pace, half an hour for a peg, it's actually medicinal. But there's no safe amount of consumption of tobacco products. And for a young country like India, where half of the population is below 25 years of age, tobacco is doom. The greatest challenge before India, as a nation, is to exploit the incredible demographic potential—and inculcating a sports culture is the most effective way of doing it. Tobacco is the surest and easiest way of squandering it.

Simply put, tobacco is a significant public health hazard, and something urgently needs to be done to discourage people from tobacco consumption. Just to give an idea of the enormity of the problem, globally, tobacco kills more people than tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malaria combined. Remember, smoking a cigarette is just one of many ways of consuming tobacco. The consumption of smokeless tobacco in the form of snuff, chewing tobacco, tobacco leaf and gutkha is widespread amongst all age groups in India. There's no escape, every second Indian is hooked on to one or the other form of tobacco consumption, and more often than not, it contributes to oral submucosal fibrosis or OSF.

More Indians chew tobacco than they smoke cigarettes or beedis, the figures are 26 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively, according to the Indian government and the World Health Organisation's Global Adult Tobacco Survey of 2009-2010. Not surprisingly, nearly 80 per cent of oral cancer patients are tobacco users.

Recently, the Indian Journal of Medical of Pediatrics published a study by Gauravi Mishra, Sharmila A Pimple and Surendra S Shastri that pointed to the fact that India is the second-largest consumer of tobacco globally, and accounts for approximately one-sixth of the world's tobacco-related deaths. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey paints a grim picture of India. It was carried out amongst students of classes VIII, IX and X, or roughly of the 13-16 age group. It was found that 15 per cent of students used tobacco products, mostly chewing tobacco (nearly 80 per cent).

Despite this, not much has been done to curtail tobacco consumption. One of the main reasons is that the tobacco industry is fairly influential. It has been boasting about its contribution to the Indian economy at large by generating employment in the agriculture and manufacturing sectors along with revenues in the form of exports and taxes, as a justification to be allowed to play with the health of our country's people. But one doesn't need rocket science to understand that the public health hazard caused by tobacco outweighs all economic benefits many times over.

In the past, many states have tried to ban chewing tobacco but with little success. Take the case of gutka, a concoction of raw betel nut mixed with tobacco, which has been banned for some years now. To circumvent this, many tobacco companies started selling gutka discreetly, by selling pan masala paired with a separate sachet of tobacco. Though this may seem harmless, tobacco sold in small portions in a sachet actually facilitates its use primarily amongst teenagers. Many celebrities, from the film industry to sports, campaign for tobacco products, in spite of the repeated persuasion against doing so. Tobacco, sadly, has become an integral part of life in cities and villages.

I specialise in youth outreach programmes by the way of sports. And tobacco consumption is a great impediment to the objective of creating a healthy society that is committed to playing sports. Children and the unemployed youth are hard-pressed for money, and their consumption of tobacco products is highly susceptible to strong fiscal measures.The availability of tobacco products in smaller quantities, in sachets and cigarettes sold by individual sticks, make it accessible to all, even children. Ideally, the government should ban the consumption of tobacco. But, till the time it's done, at least the government should ensure two things. One, those that are 18 years and below are not to be sold any tobacco product. And two, the sale of tobacco products in small quantities, especially sachets which cost merely Rs 5 to 10, should be banned at the earliest. This will effectively curtail the access of tobacco products to sub-adults. No half measures will suffice in the fight against tobacco. Ban tobacco. 

Courtesy: Millennium Post
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Saturday, 24 February 2018

Holy smoke! Sale of tobacco products to kids continue unchecked



  
The sale of tobacco products to those under the age of 18 continues to burgeon in blatant disregard of the law making this illegal. Every vendor has the board put up claiming that sale to underage children is prohibited. However, the biggest customers for tobacco products remains school and college students!

The once in a blue moon raids carried out by excise sleuths or police results in big loads of pan and other products being confiscated. However, there is seldom any action other than detaining the peddlers and slapping them with a fine. Often there aren't any probe into the source and the channels of smuggling these products.

The punishment for transporting or selling tobacco products is only a fine, a mere slap on the wrist which enables those caught to continue doing the same things. Most of the people caught in such instances under police record are repeat offenders. These days, on top of tobacco products, even intoxicating sweets are being sold in shops near schools.

Earlier, routine health department checks used to take place under schemes like Healthy Kerala. This kept a check on the sale of such products. However, new steps taken by the health department, decreasing the regularity of checks has contributed to the upsurge in sales of these products.

In spite of the fact that parent bodies, teachers associations and school managements are all increasing their roles, in many cases, nobody comes forward to give an official complaint. The need of the hour is to stop letting off those involved with mere fines and instead trace out the source of the problem and bring them to public light.

CourtesyManoramaonline
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Tuesday, 10 October 2017

Ban tobacco products outside schools: PIL in HC

The Delhi High Court today sought the response of the Centre and city government on a PIL seeking to enforce a complete ban on sale of tobacco and cigarettes near educational institutions in the national capital.

A bench of Acting Chief Justice Gita Mittal and Justice C Hari Shankar also issued notice to the governments education department and all civic bodies here, directing them to file their status reports on the allegations raised in the PIL.

The bench said "it is a really important issue" and asked the authorities to place their stand before it by the next date of hearing on January 30 next year.

An NGO -- Doctors For You -- moved the court alleging that despite a ban on the sale of tobacco products near educational institutions, one can easily find a number of shops selling such products near schools in the city in violation of the Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) 2003.

As per section 6 of the COTPA, sale of cigarettes and other tobacco products within a 100-yard radius of educational institutions is deemed illegal.

The plea said the "sale of tobacco products within a 100 -yard radius of educational institutions is prohibited under COTPA. However, the norms linked to this Act are being openly flouted by vendors."

Seeking enforcement of the Act, the petitioner has sought a direction to the authorities to ensure that all the schools are "tobacco free".

It said there should be "no availability" of tobacco products in the campus and a committee should be set up to monitor compliance of the Act.

The NGO has also sought a direction to the education department to ask the schools to display information in and outside their premises like "no smoking area" and "smoking is an offence".

The petition said the authorities concerned should ensure that "tobacco products and its ancillary products are sold from registered/authorised shops and in compliance with the provisions of the COTPA."

It said that the Centre and the Delhi government shall ensure that there is no sale of cigarettes, beedies, cigars and any other tobacco products in single stick or loose. 

Source: India Today
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Thursday, 24 August 2017

Tobacco use drives students to poor academic performance, leads them to other drugs: Study

A study that surveyed more than 7,500 high school and higher secondary school students in Ernakulam district has found that tobacco users are prone to poorer academic performance. It also proves that tobacco is a gateway drug, one that leads users to other potent drugs.

A high 76.3 per cent of lifelong tobacco users – those who had smoked or used smokeless tobacco throughout their life – had failed in a subject compared to 57 per cent of non-users. Further, 24.7 per cent of such users had failed a year of studies as against 9.1 per cent non-users.

The study also found that tobacco users had significantly higher usage rates of alcohol and illicit drugs. Alcohol use among lifelong tobacco users was found to be 67.8 per cent as compared to 11 per cent in non-users. In the case of illicit drugs, the rates of use were 33 per cent versus 6.1 per cent in tobacco users and non-users respectively.

These findings recently published in the prestigious Indian Journal of Medical Research are part findings of the larger study looking at psychological issues among adolescent school students, done by the Bengaluru-based National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS). The National Health Mission (Kerala) and the Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Kerala also associated with the study.

In what could be good news to enforcement officials, the study reports decreasing trend of tobacco use among adolescent high school students compared to previous studies done among students in South India, and in Kannur district. In the survey, 6.9 per cent students reported having used tobacco in any form, with the proportion of males using tobacco being 12.5 per cent and females 1.2 per cent.

Most users still initiated early with the mean age of initiation among users being 14 years. Further, a majority of users (67 per cent) were using it hazardously in their school years signifying that they had a very high risk of progression to addiction.

Lead author Dr T.S. Jaisoorya said, “We took up the study to evaluate psychological issues among school going adolescents who often have multiple vulnerabilities. The prevalence of tobacco use and its negative outcomes among adolescents suggests that proactive intervention from teachers and parents is needed to check tobacco use among students. Measures need to be strengthened and continued to improve awareness of the wide variety of tobacco related harm and also ensure that ban of tobacco supply is strictly enforced near our educational institutions.”

“Policymakers can longer afford to see tobacco use as a problem of the past. It is as much a public health menace as alcohol and dangerous drug abuse. Any further delay in addressing the tobacco problem among the youth is opening up Kerala to a painful burden of a lifetime of lifestyle diseases,” commented Dr K.R. Thankappan, Emeritus Professor, Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies of the Sree Chitra Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum.
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Saturday, 24 December 2016

കണ്ണൂരിലെ പ്ലസ് ടു വിദ്യാര്‍ഥികളില്‍ പുകയില ഉപയോഗം വ്യാപകമെന്നു പഠനം

18 വയസില്‍ താഴെയുള്ളവര്‍ക്ക് പുകയില ഉല്‍പ്പന്നങ്ങള്‍ വില്‍ക്കാന്‍ പാടില്ലെന്ന നിയമം നിലനില്‍ക്കുമ്പോള്‍ കണ്ണൂര്‍ ജില്ലയില്‍ ഒരു പഠനത്തിനു വിധേയരായ 70 ശതമാനത്തോളം ഹയര്‍സെക്കന്‍ഡറി വിദ്യാര്‍ഥികളും പതിനഞ്ചാം വയസില്‍ത്തന്നെ പുകയില ഉപയോഗം തുടങ്ങുന്നതായി കണ്ടെത്തി.

കണ്ണൂര്‍ മെഡിക്കല്‍ കോളജ് നടത്തിയ പഠനത്തിലാണ് ഇക്കാര്യം വ്യക്തമായത്. ഒരിക്കലെങ്കിലും പുകയില ഉപയോഗിച്ചിട്ടുള്ളവരില്‍ കാല്‍ ഭാഗവും സ്‌കൂള്‍ പരിസരത്താണ് ഇവ ഉപയോഗിച്ചത്. പതിനഞ്ചിനും പതിനെട്ടിനുമിടയില്‍ പ്രായമുള്ള ആണ്‍കുട്ടികളില്‍ 19 ശതമാനവും ഏതെങ്കിലും രൂപത്തില്‍ പുകയില ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നവരാണെന്നു പഠനത്തില്‍ തെളിഞ്ഞു. പുകവലി മാത്രം ശീലമാക്കിയവരുടെ എണ്ണം വളരെ ഉയര്‍ന്ന് 18.15 ശതമാനത്തിലെത്തിയെന്നും  പഠനം പറയുന്നു.

ജില്ലയിലെ നിഷ്പക്ഷമായി തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്ത രണ്ടു ഹയര്‍സെക്കന്‍ഡറി സ്‌കൂളുകളിലെ 775 കുട്ടികളില്‍ നടത്തിയ പഠനം 'ഇന്റര്‍നാഷണല്‍ ജേണല്‍ ഓഫ് സയന്റിഫിക് സ്റ്റഡി' ആണ് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചത്. 'കണ്ണൂരിലെ പ്രീ-യൂണിവേഴ്‌സിറ്റി വിദ്യാര്‍ഥികളിലെ പുകയില ഉപയോഗം-ഒരു സമഗ്ര പഠനം' എന്ന പേരില്‍ നടത്തിയ സര്‍വേയില്‍ 336 ആണ്‍കുട്ടികളും 439 പെണ്‍കുട്ടികളും പങ്കാളികളായി.  

പഠനത്തില്‍ പങ്കെടുത്ത 41 ശതമാനം കുട്ടികള്‍ക്കും സമീപത്തെ കടകളില്‍നിന്നാണു പുകയില ഉല്‍പ്പന്നങ്ങള്‍ ലഭിച്ചത്. 27 ശതമാനത്തിന് കൂട്ടുകാരില്‍നിന്നുമാണ് കിട്ടിയത്. പുകയില ഉല്‍പ്പന്നങ്ങള്‍ കിട്ടാന്‍ എളുപ്പമാണെന്ന് 79 ശതമാനം കുട്ടികളും പറഞ്ഞു.

പക്ഷേ 87 ശതമാനം കുട്ടികളും പുകയില ഉല്‍പ്പന്നങ്ങള്‍ തങ്ങളുടെ ആകര്‍ഷകത്വം വര്‍ധിപ്പിക്കുന്നുവെന്ന അഭിപ്രായക്കാരല്ലായിരുന്നു. അതേസമയം 68 ശതമാനം പേര്‍ക്കും പുകയില കാന്‍സറിനു കാരണമാകുന്നതാണെന്ന് അറിയാം. കമ്മ്യൂണിറ്റി മെഡിസിന്‍ ഡിപാര്‍ട്‌മെന്റ് അസിസ്റ്റന്റ് പ്രഫസര്‍ ഡോ. സുശ്രുത് എ നീലോപന്ത്, റേഡിയോ ഡയഗ്നോസിസ് ഡിപാര്‍ട്‌മെന്റിലെ ഡോ. ഡി.ശില്‍പ്പ എന്നിവര്‍ ചേര്‍ന്നാണ് പഠനം നടത്തിയത്.  

ഹയര്‍സെക്കന്‍ഡറി കുട്ടികളിലെ പുകയില ഉപയോഗത്തെപ്പറ്റി അടിസ്ഥാന വിവരങ്ങള്‍ ലഭിക്കുന്നതിനാണ് സര്‍വേ നടത്തിയതെന്നും ലോകാരോഗ്യസംഘടനയുടെ മാതൃകയുടെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തില്‍ തയാറാക്കിയ ചോദ്യാവലിയാണ് ഉപയോഗിച്ചതെന്നും പഠനത്തിനു നേതൃത്വം നല്‍കിയ ഡോ. സുശ്രുത് പറഞ്ഞു. കുട്ടികള്‍ സ്വയം വിവരങ്ങള്‍ നല്‍കുന്ന രീതിയാണ് അവലംബിച്ചത്. എല്ലാവരും സ്വന്തം ഇഷ്ടപ്രകാരമാണ് പഠനത്തില്‍ പങ്കാളികളായത്. പങ്കെടുത്തവരുടെ പേരുവിവരം രഹസ്യമായി സൂക്ഷിക്കുമെന്നും ഉറപ്പുനല്‍കിയിരുന്നു. പുകയില ഉപയോഗത്തെക്കുറിച്ചു മാത്രമല്ല കുടുംബാംഗങ്ങളുടെ ശീലങ്ങള്‍, സുഹൃത്തുക്കളുടെ സ്വാധീനം, ഇന്ത്യന്‍ പുകയില നിയന്ത്രണ നിയമങ്ങളിലുള്ള അറിവ് എന്നിവയെപ്പറ്റിയും കുട്ടികളോട് അന്വേഷിച്ചതായി ഡോ. സുശ്രുത് പറഞ്ഞു.

പുകയിലെ ഉല്‍പ്പന്നങ്ങളെ സംബന്ധിച്ചു രാജ്യത്തു നിലനില്‍ക്കുന്ന നിയമങ്ങളെപ്പറ്റി അറിവു പകരുന്നതില്‍ മാധ്യമങ്ങള്‍ പ്രധാന പങ്കു വഹിക്കുന്നതായും പഠനത്തില്‍ വ്യക്തമായി. 92 ശതമാനം കുട്ടികളും നിയമത്തെപ്പറ്റി അറിവുണ്ടെന്നു പറഞ്ഞു. ഇതില്‍ 35 ശതമാനത്തിനും അച്ചടി, ടെലിവിഷന്‍ മാധ്യമങ്ങളില്‍നിന്നാണ് ഇതേപ്പറ്റി അറിവു ലഭിച്ചത്. 

ഇന്ത്യയില്‍ പൊതുവെ കാണുന്ന പ്രവണതയില്‍നിന്ന് വ്യത്യസ്തമായി കണ്ണൂരില്‍  പുകയില ചവയ്ക്കുന്നവരുടെ എണ്ണം വളരെ കുറവാണെന്നും പഠനത്തില്‍ കണ്ടെത്തി. 

സ്‌കൂള്‍ ക്യാംപസിനു പുറത്തെ വലിയ തോതിലുള്ള സിഗരറ്റ് ഉപയോഗം ഗൗരവമായി കാണേണ്ട വസ്തുതയാണെന്ന് പഠനറിപ്പോര്‍ട്ടിന്റെ സഹരചയിതാവായ ഡോ. ശില്‍പ്പ പറഞ്ഞു. നിലവിലുള്ള പുകയില ഉപയോഗം അവസാനിപ്പിക്കാനും ഉപയോഗത്തിന് തുടക്കമിടുന്നതു തടയാനുമായി പദ്ധതികളും ഇടപെടലുകളും അത്യാവശ്യമാണെന്നു വ്യക്തമായിരിക്കുകയാണെന്നും ഡോ. ശില്‍പ ചൂണ്ടിക്കാട്ടി. 

പുകയില രഹിത സ്‌കൂള്‍നയങ്ങളും കുടുംബാംഗങ്ങളും സുഹൃത്തുക്കളും പങ്കാളികളാകുന്ന സാമൂഹിക പരിപാടികളും പ്രവര്‍ത്തനങ്ങളും ഉള്‍പ്പെടുന്ന സമഗ്ര സ്‌കൂള്‍ കേന്ദ്രീകൃത പുകയില നിയന്ത്രണ നയം രൂപപ്പെടുത്തേണ്ടതുണ്ടെന്നും പഠനം നിര്‍ദേശിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്.  

കേന്ദ്ര പുകയില നിയന്ത്രണ നിയമം കോട്പ 2003 പ്രകാരം 18  വയസ്സില്‍ താഴെയുള്ളവര്‍ക്ക് പുകയില വില്‍ക്കുന്നത് കുറ്റകരമാണ്. 18 വയസ്സിനു താഴെയാണോ എന്നു വ്യക്തമാക്കേണ്ടത് വില്പനക്കാരന്റെ ബാധ്യതയാണെന്നും നിയമം പറയുന്നു. 

For the original study, please click here
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Friday, 18 November 2016

Tobacco sales rampant near educational institutions, says RCC study

More than a half of the high school and higher secondary school students surveyed found illegal tobacco sales near their educational institutions, according to a study carried out in the district’s rural areas by the Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Trivandrum.

An alarming 60 per cent of students in the higher secondary group (HSS) and 52 per cent in the high school (HS) group reported tobacco sales in the study, which covered 1,114 students across 10 random Government schools.   

The study, “Tobacco and Alcohol Use and the Impact of School Based Anti-tobacco Education for Knowledge Enhancement among Adolescent Students of Rural Kerala, India”, conducted in 2014-15 has been published in a recent edition of the peer-reviewed ‘Journal of Addiction’.  It points to the inadequate enforcement of the ban on sale of tobacco products around 100 yards of educational institutions, as mandated the Indian tobacco control law, COTPA, 2003. 

RCC Director Dr Paul Sebastian, the study’s principal investigator and co-author, said, “Limited information on tobacco use among adolescents in rural Kerala triggered this study. The high prevalence of tobacco sales near educational institutions is worrisome as tobacco use initiated during adolescence often emerges as a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases in adulthood.”

“It is important to identify the source of tobacco product sales near institutions.  Regular checks and multi-pronged strategies to prohibit availability of these products are critical,” added Dr Sebastian, who is also the Chairman of Tobacco Free Kerala. 

The study reports that 4.3 per cent of the students covered were ‘current tobacco users’, viz, a person who used tobacco three days or more a week.  A higher 7.4 per cent were ‘ever users’ or persons who have used tobacco at least once during the academic year under analysis. 

Cigarette smoking was the predominant habit followed by gutkha use and then by beedi smoking among ‘ever users’.  Also, 63 per cent of the members of an ever user’s household had consumed tobacco in one form or another.

Dr R. Jayakrishnan of RCC and the principal author of the study said, “A questionnaire was used to elicit information from the students through self-reporting.  Participation in the study was purely voluntary and complete anonymity for the information provided was assured.”

“Other than tobacco sales, students were also asked about habits of family members, knowledge of tobacco hazards and the tobacco control law in India. A wider sample study would be desirable under the circumstances,” he added while expressing concern about the high prevalence of tobacco use among family members of surveyed students. 

Two-thirds of respondents were unaware of the presence of tar and nicotine in tobacco, the study points out.
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